Tess vs Harper
How Tess and Harper compare across 146 years of US Social Security Administration baby-name records — popularity history, peak years, current rank, and which name overtook which.
Tess
Female · English
Meaning: Abbreviation Of Teresa Which Is A Popular Saint's Name Of Uncertain Meaning.
US Popularity History — Side-by-Side
Annual US births named Tess (girls) vs Harper (girls), from US Social Security Administration national records.
Source: US Social Security Administration. Names appearing fewer than 5 times per year are suppressed by SSA.
Quick Stats
| Metric | Tess | Harper |
|---|---|---|
| Peak year (most US births) | 2003 — 494 girls | 2016 — 10,802 girls |
| Peak rank | #566 | #11 |
| Most recent rank (2013) | #999 (251 births) | #16 (6,792 births) |
| Total US births since 1880 | 5,151 | 137,640 |
| Last 10 years (2004–2013) | 3,372 | 89,927 |
Peak comparison takeaway
At its all-time peak, Harper reached 10,802 US births in 2016 — 10,308 more than Tess's peak count.
Crossover Years
Years where one name first passed the other in annual US births. A name "winning" in a year means it had more births that year, not necessarily a higher rank.
| Year | New leader | Tess births | Harper births |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2006 | Harper | 385 | 597 |
Strongest States — Last 10 Years
States where each name ranked highest, from SSA's state-level dataset. Lower average rank = name appears closer to the top of that state's girls-name list.
Tess — top 5 states
| # | State | Avg rank | Births |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Massachusetts | #554 | 89 |
| 2 | Utah | #558 | 67 |
| 3 | New Jersey | #803 | 38 |
| 4 | Wisconsin | #851 | 35 |
| 5 | Minnesota | #865 | 30 |
Harper — top 5 states
| # | State | Avg rank | Births |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | West Virginia | #3 | 725 |
| 2 | Montana | #4 | 392 |
| 3 | South Dakota | #4 | 409 |
| 4 | Wyoming | #4 | 190 |
| 5 | Maine | #5 | 478 |
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Data & methodology
Source: US Social Security Administration national baby names dataset 1880–2025 (CC0 public domain). Names with fewer than 5 occurrences in a given year are suppressed by SSA. State-level coverage runs 1910–2025. Crossover detection compares annual birth counts (not ranks) for each year both names appear. Methodology: see full notes. More comparisons →